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Schools for us

Schools near SS8

Canvey Island, Essex · ranked for your family, with the reasons

10 state primary schools within 2 miles and 13 state secondary schools within 5 miles of the middle of SS8, ranked. Change what matters and the list re-ranks, every reason shown.

i
The middle of SS8 is the average position of the 21 schools and nurseries we hold in it. Distances are as the crow flies.

Which schools
What matters to you

State primary schools near SS8

10 state primary schools within 2 miles of the middle of SS8, ranked by what matters to you.

  1. St Joseph's Catholic Primary School and Nursery

    State primary · Roman Catholic · Canvey Island · 0.15 miles

    78of 100

    Every first choice met in 2026 · 0.15 miles · results: top 24% in England

    How it scored 78
    • Resultsmatters15.4 of 20 points

      Top 24% of 14,817 state schools in England: 74% of pupils met the expected standard in reading, writing and maths in 2024/25 (England 62%). DfE school performance tables

    • Ofstedmatters15 of 20 points

      Ofsted, February 2024: Good. Ofsted

    • Distancematters18.5 of 20 points

      0.15 miles from the middle of SS8, as the crow flies. Distance from the school's address in the DfE register

    • Getting inmatters20 of 20 points

      In 2026 every family that put it first for Reception was offered a place. DfE, applications and offers

    • Attendance and behavioura little2.8 of 10 points

      Pupils missed 4.4% of sessions in 2024/25, against 4.6% at schools with a similar intake; 4.9 suspensions per 100 pupils in 2024/25, against 0.8 at schools with a similar intake. DfE, pupil absence and suspensions, school level

    • Class sizea little6 of 10 points

      Classes average 24.8 pupils (2025/26). DfE, class sizes, school level

    The school's page
  2. Northwick Park Primary and Nursery Academy

    State primary · Canvey Island · 0.80 miles

    71of 100

    Every first choice met in 2026 · results: top 22% in England · Ofsted: School remains Good (Improving) (2023)

    How it scored 71
    • Resultsmatters15.8 of 20 points

      Top 22% of 14,817 state schools in England: 75% of pupils met the expected standard in reading, writing and maths in 2024/25 (England 62%). DfE school performance tables

    • Ofstedmatters15 of 20 points

      Ofsted, from a shorter ungraded visit in May 2023: School remains Good (Improving). Ofsted

    • Distancematters12 of 20 points

      0.80 miles from the middle of SS8, as the crow flies. Distance from the school's address in the DfE register

    • Getting inmatters20 of 20 points

      In 2026 every family that put it first for Reception was offered a place. DfE, applications and offers

    • Attendance and behavioura little5.1 of 10 points

      Pupils missed 5.9% of sessions in 2024/25, against 5.8% at schools with a similar intake; 1.6 suspensions per 100 pupils in 2024/25, against 1.7 at schools with a similar intake. DfE, pupil absence and suspensions, school level

    • Class sizea little3.1 of 10 points

      Classes average 28.3 pupils (2025/26). DfE, class sizes, school level

    The school's page
  3. St Katherine's Church of England Primary School

    State primary · Church of England · Canvey Island · 0.51 miles

    64of 100

    Every first choice met in 2026 · Ofsted: Good (2024) · 0.51 miles

    How it scored 64
    • Resultsmatters6.1 of 20 points

      Better than 30% of 14,817 state schools in England: 56% of pupils met the expected standard in reading, writing and maths in 2024/25 (England 62%). DfE school performance tables

    • Ofstedmatters15 of 20 points

      Ofsted, July 2024: Good. Ofsted

    • Distancematters14.9 of 20 points

      0.51 miles from the middle of SS8, as the crow flies. Distance from the school's address in the DfE register

    • Getting inmatters20 of 20 points

      In 2026 every family that put it first for Reception was offered a place. DfE, applications and offers

    • Attendance and behavioura little1.5 of 10 points

      Pupils missed 5.5% of sessions in 2024/25, against 4.6% at schools with a similar intake; 3.6 suspensions per 100 pupils in 2024/25, against 0.8 at schools with a similar intake. DfE, pupil absence and suspensions, school level

    • Class sizea little6.9 of 10 points

      Classes average 23.7 pupils (2025/26). DfE, class sizes, school level

    The school's page
  4. Canvey Primary School and Nursery

    State primary · Canvey Island · 0.60 miles

    64of 100

    Results: top 24% in England · Ofsted: Good (2023) · 0.60 miles

    How it scored 64
    • Resultsmatters15.4 of 20 points

      Top 24% of 14,817 state schools in England: 74% of pupils met the expected standard in reading, writing and maths in 2024/25 (England 62%). DfE school performance tables

    • Ofstedmatters15 of 20 points

      Ofsted, November 2023: Good. Ofsted

    • Distancematters14 of 20 points

      0.60 miles from the middle of SS8, as the crow flies. Distance from the school's address in the DfE register

    • Getting inmatters10 of 20 points

      We hold no offer figures for Reception at this school. It counts at the middle.

    • Attendance and behavioura little7.5 of 10 points

      Pupils missed 5.2% of sessions in 2024/25, against 5.3% at schools with a similar intake; 0.0 suspensions per 100 pupils in 2024/25, against 1.3 at schools with a similar intake. DfE, pupil absence and suspensions, school level

    • Class sizea little1.7 of 10 points

      Classes average 30.0 pupils (2025/26). DfE, class sizes, school level

    The school's page
  5. Canvey Island Infant School and Nursery

    State primary · Canvey Island · 0.60 miles

    62of 100

    Places reached 1.12 miles in 2025 · 0.60 miles · absence 4.5% (similar schools 4.6%)

    How it scored 62
    • Resultsmatters10 of 20 points

      No key stage 2 results published for this school. It counts at the middle. DfE school performance tables

    • Ofstedmatters10 of 20 points

      Ofsted, from a shorter ungraded visit in February 2025: Standards maintained. There is no grade in it to score. It counts at the middle. Ofsted

    • Distancematters14 of 20 points

      0.60 miles from the middle of SS8, as the crow flies. Distance from the school's address in the DfE register

    • Getting inmatters20 of 20 points

      In 2025 the last Reception place went to a home 1.12 miles away; this school is 0.60 miles from the middle of SS8, closer than that. Essex County Council

    • Attendance and behavioura little7.6 of 10 points

      Pupils missed 4.5% of sessions in 2024/25, against 4.6% at schools with a similar intake; 0.0 suspensions per 100 pupils in 2024/25, against 0.8 at schools with a similar intake. DfE, pupil absence and suspensions, school level

    • Class sizea little0.9 of 10 points

      Classes average 30.9 pupils (2025/26). DfE, class sizes, school level

    The school's page
  6. Leigh Beck Infant School and Nursery Academy

    State primary · Canvey Island · 1.3 miles

    62of 100

    Every first choice met in 2026 · Ofsted: School remains Good (Improving) (2024) · 1.3 miles

    How it scored 62
    • Resultsmatters10 of 20 points

      No key stage 2 results published for this school. It counts at the middle. DfE school performance tables

    • Ofstedmatters15 of 20 points

      Ofsted, from a shorter ungraded visit in March 2024: School remains Good (Improving). Ofsted

    • Distancematters7.2 of 20 points

      1.3 miles from the middle of SS8, as the crow flies. Distance from the school's address in the DfE register

    • Getting inmatters20 of 20 points

      In 2026 every family that put it first for Reception was offered a place. DfE, applications and offers

    • Attendance and behavioura little6.7 of 10 points

      Pupils missed 5.3% of sessions in 2024/25, against 4.6% at schools with a similar intake; 0.0 suspensions per 100 pupils in 2024/25, against 0.8 at schools with a similar intake. DfE, pupil absence and suspensions, school level

    • Class sizea little2.7 of 10 points

      Classes average 28.8 pupils (2025/26). DfE, class sizes, school level

    The school's page
  7. Lubbins Park Primary Academy

    State primary · Canvey Island · 0.85 miles

    61of 100

    Results: top 5% in England · Ofsted: Good (2025) · 0.85 miles

    How it scored 61
    • Resultsmatters19.2 of 20 points

      Top 5% of 14,817 state schools in England: 86% of pupils met the expected standard in reading, writing and maths in 2024/25 (England 62%). DfE school performance tables

    • Ofstedmatters15 of 20 points

      Ofsted, February 2025: Good. Ofsted

    • Distancematters11.5 of 20 points

      0.85 miles from the middle of SS8, as the crow flies. Distance from the school's address in the DfE register

    • Getting inmatters5 of 20 points

      In 2026 not every family that put it first for Reception was offered a place: 27 of 34. We hold no figure for how far places reached. DfE, applications and offers

    • Attendance and behavioura little6.1 of 10 points

      Pupils missed 5.8% of sessions in 2024/25, against 5.3% at schools with a similar intake; 0.5 suspensions per 100 pupils in 2024/25, against 1.3 at schools with a similar intake. DfE, pupil absence and suspensions, school level

    • Class sizea little4.7 of 10 points

      Classes average 26.4 pupils (2025/26). DfE, class sizes, school level

    The school's page
  8. Winter Gardens Academy

    State primary · Canvey Island · 0.54 miles

    55of 100

    Every first choice met in 2026 · Ofsted: Good (2022) · 0.54 miles

    How it scored 55
    • Resultsmatters2.2 of 20 points

      Better than 11% of 14,817 state schools in England: 44% of pupils met the expected standard in reading, writing and maths in 2024/25 (England 62%). DfE school performance tables

    • Ofstedmatters15 of 20 points

      Ofsted, April 2022: Good. Ofsted

    • Distancematters14.6 of 20 points

      0.54 miles from the middle of SS8, as the crow flies. Distance from the school's address in the DfE register

    • Getting inmatters20 of 20 points

      In 2026 every family that put it first for Reception was offered a place. DfE, applications and offers

    • Attendance and behavioura little0 of 10 points

      Pupils missed 8.8% of sessions in 2024/25, against 5.8% at schools with a similar intake; 16.3 suspensions per 100 pupils in 2024/25, against 1.7 at schools with a similar intake. DfE, pupil absence and suspensions, school level

    • Class sizea little2.7 of 10 points

      Classes average 28.8 pupils (2025/26). DfE, class sizes, school level

    The school's page
  9. Leigh Beck Junior School

    State primary · Canvey Island · 1.3 miles

    48of 100

    Results: top 34% in England · Ofsted report card (2026): lowest area expected standard · 1.3 miles

    How it scored 48
    • Resultsmatters13.3 of 20 points

      Top 34% of 14,817 state schools in England: 70% of pupils met the expected standard in reading, writing and maths in 2024/25 (England 62%). DfE school performance tables

    • Ofstedmatters10 of 20 points

      Ofsted report card, April 2026: its lowest area is expected standard. Ofsted

    • Distancematters7.2 of 20 points

      1.3 miles from the middle of SS8, as the crow flies. Distance from the school's address in the DfE register

    • Getting inmatters10 of 20 points

      We hold no offer figures for Year 3 at this school. It counts at the middle.

    • Attendance and behavioura little4.8 of 10 points

      Pupils missed 5.0% of sessions in 2024/25, against 5.3% at schools with a similar intake; 1.5 suspensions per 100 pupils in 2024/25, against 1.3 at schools with a similar intake. DfE, pupil absence and suspensions, school level

    • Class sizea little2.5 of 10 points

      Classes average 29.0 pupils (2025/26). DfE, class sizes, school level

    The school's page
  10. William Read Primary Academy

    State primary · Canvey Island · 0.30 miles

    46of 100

    0.30 miles · not every first choice met in 2026 · absence 6.0% (similar schools 5.3%)

    How it scored 46
    • Resultsmatters4.8 of 20 points

      Better than 24% of 14,817 state schools in England: 53% of pupils met the expected standard in reading, writing and maths in 2024/25 (England 62%). DfE school performance tables

    • Ofstedmatters10 of 20 points

      Ofsted, from a shorter ungraded visit in April 2025: Standards maintained. There is no grade in it to score. It counts at the middle. Ofsted

    • Distancematters17 of 20 points

      0.30 miles from the middle of SS8, as the crow flies. Distance from the school's address in the DfE register

    • Getting inmatters5 of 20 points

      In 2026 not every family that put it first for Reception was offered a place: 25 of 31. We hold no figure for how far places reached. DfE, applications and offers

    • Attendance and behavioura little4.9 of 10 points

      Pupils missed 6.0% of sessions in 2024/25, against 5.3% at schools with a similar intake; 1.0 suspensions per 100 pupils in 2024/25, against 1.3 at schools with a similar intake. DfE, pupil absence and suspensions, school level

    • Class sizea little4.2 of 10 points

      Classes average 27.0 pupils (2025/26). DfE, class sizes, school level

    The school's page

State secondary schools near SS8

13 state secondary schools within 5 miles of the middle of SS8, ranked by what matters to you.

  1. Westcliff High School for Boys Academy

    State secondary · Grammar · Boys · Westcliff-on-Sea · 4.2 miles

    63of 100

    Ofsted: Outstanding (2023) · results: top 4% in England · absence 3.8% (similar schools 5.4%)

    How it scored 63
    • Resultsmatters19.4 of 20 points

      Top 4% of 3,101 state schools in England: Progress 8 of +0.93 in 2023/24 (England +0.01). DfE school performance tables

    • Ofstedmatters20 of 20 points

      Ofsted, November 2023: Outstanding. Ofsted

    • Distancematters3.3 of 20 points

      4.2 miles from the middle of SS8, as the crow flies. Distance from the school's address in the DfE register

    • Getting inmatters5 of 20 points

      In 2026 not every family that put it first for Year 7 was offered a place: 141 of 280. We hold no figure for how far places reached. DfE, applications and offers

    • Attendance and behavioura little8.1 of 10 points

      Pupils missed 3.8% of sessions in 2024/25, against 5.4% at schools with a similar intake; 0.8 suspensions per 100 pupils in 2024/25, against 2.5 at schools with a similar intake. DfE, pupil absence and suspensions, school level

    • Class sizea little7.6 of 10 points

      Classes average 22.9 pupils (2025/26). DfE, class sizes, school level

    The school's page
  2. Westcliff High School for Girls

    State secondary · Grammar · Girls · Westcliff-on-Sea · 4.1 miles

    60of 100

    Ofsted: Outstanding (2024) · results: top 4% in England · absence 4.7% (similar schools 5.4%)

    How it scored 60
    • Resultsmatters19.4 of 20 points

      Top 4% of 3,101 state schools in England: Progress 8 of +0.90 in 2023/24 (England +0.01). DfE school performance tables

    • Ofstedmatters20 of 20 points

      Ofsted, February 2024: Outstanding. Ofsted

    • Distancematters3.5 of 20 points

      4.1 miles from the middle of SS8, as the crow flies. Distance from the school's address in the DfE register

    • Getting inmatters5 of 20 points

      In 2026 not every family that put it first for Year 7 was offered a place: 160 of 239. We hold no figure for how far places reached. DfE, applications and offers

    • Attendance and behavioura little6 of 10 points

      Pupils missed 4.7% of sessions in 2024/25, against 5.4% at schools with a similar intake; 2.2 suspensions per 100 pupils in 2024/25, against 2.5 at schools with a similar intake. DfE, pupil absence and suspensions, school level

    • Class sizea little5.7 of 10 points

      Classes average 25.2 pupils (2025/26). DfE, class sizes, school level

    The school's page
  3. St Thomas More High School

    State secondary · Roman Catholic · Boys · Westcliff-on-Sea · 4.3 miles

    56of 100

    Ofsted: School remains Good (2024) · results: top 27% in England · classes of 20 on average

    How it scored 56
    • Resultsmatters14.7 of 20 points

      Top 27% of 3,101 state schools in England: Progress 8 of +0.32 in 2023/24 (England +0.01). DfE school performance tables

    • Ofstedmatters15 of 20 points

      Ofsted, from a shorter ungraded visit in March 2024: School remains Good. Ofsted

    • Distancematters2.8 of 20 points

      4.3 miles from the middle of SS8, as the crow flies. Distance from the school's address in the DfE register

    • Getting inmatters5 of 20 points

      In 2026 not every family that put it first for Year 7 was offered a place: 143 of 202. We hold no figure for how far places reached. DfE, applications and offers

    • Attendance and behavioura little8.5 of 10 points

      Pupils missed 4.7% of sessions in 2024/25, against 7.4% at schools with a similar intake; 3.1 suspensions per 100 pupils in 2024/25, against 8.9 at schools with a similar intake. DfE, pupil absence and suspensions, school level

    • Class sizea little9.7 of 10 points

      Classes average 20.4 pupils (2025/26). DfE, class sizes, school level

    The school's page
  4. Castle View School

    State secondary · Canvey Island · 0.46 miles

    54of 100

    Every first choice met in 2026 · 0.46 miles · classes of 26 on average

    How it scored 54
    • Resultsmatters1.6 of 20 points

      Better than 8% of 3,101 state schools in England: Progress 8 of -0.70 in 2023/24 (England +0.01). DfE school performance tables

    • Ofstedmatters5 of 20 points

      Ofsted, December 2023: Requires improvement. Ofsted

    • Distancematters18.2 of 20 points

      0.46 miles from the middle of SS8, as the crow flies. Distance from the school's address in the DfE register

    • Getting inmatters20 of 20 points

      In 2026 every family that put it first for Year 7 was offered a place. DfE, applications and offers

    • Attendance and behavioura little3.9 of 10 points

      Pupils missed 8.5% of sessions in 2024/25, against 8.5% at schools with a similar intake; 23.7 suspensions per 100 pupils in 2024/25, against 16.8 at schools with a similar intake. DfE, pupil absence and suspensions, school level

    • Class sizea little5.3 of 10 points

      Classes average 25.6 pupils (2025/26). DfE, class sizes, school level

    The school's page
  5. The Deanes

    State secondary · Benfleet · 3.2 miles

    53of 100

    Every first choice met in 2026 · Ofsted: Good (2023) · classes of 22 on average

    How it scored 53
    • Resultsmatters1.4 of 20 points

      Better than 7% of 3,101 state schools in England: Progress 8 of -0.71 in 2023/24 (England +0.01). DfE school performance tables

    • Ofstedmatters15 of 20 points

      Ofsted, September 2023: Good. Ofsted

    • Distancematters7.2 of 20 points

      3.2 miles from the middle of SS8, as the crow flies. Distance from the school's address in the DfE register

    • Getting inmatters20 of 20 points

      In 2026 every family that put it first for Year 7 was offered a place. DfE, applications and offers

    • Attendance and behavioura little0.7 of 10 points

      Pupils missed 11.5% of sessions in 2024/25, against 8.5% at schools with a similar intake; 47.9 suspensions per 100 pupils in 2024/25, against 16.8 at schools with a similar intake. DfE, pupil absence and suspensions, school level

    • Class sizea little8.4 of 10 points

      Classes average 21.9 pupils (2025/26). DfE, class sizes, school level

    The school's page
  6. Belfairs Academy

    State secondary · Leigh-on-Sea · 3.1 miles

    52of 100

    Every first choice met in 2026 · 3.1 miles · absence 8.6% (similar schools 8.5%)

    How it scored 52
    • Resultsmatters5.3 of 20 points

      Better than 26% of 3,101 state schools in England: Progress 8 of -0.31 in 2023/24 (England +0.01). DfE school performance tables

    • Ofstedmatters5 of 20 points

      Ofsted, May 2024: Requires improvement. Ofsted

    • Distancematters7.8 of 20 points

      3.1 miles from the middle of SS8, as the crow flies. Distance from the school's address in the DfE register

    • Getting inmatters20 of 20 points

      In 2026 every family that put it first for Year 7 was offered a place. DfE, applications and offers

    • Attendance and behavioura little6.9 of 10 points

      Pupils missed 8.6% of sessions in 2024/25, against 8.5% at schools with a similar intake; 3.5 suspensions per 100 pupils in 2024/25, against 16.8 at schools with a similar intake. DfE, pupil absence and suspensions, school level

    • Class sizea little6.8 of 10 points

      Classes average 23.8 pupils (2025/26). DfE, class sizes, school level

    The school's page
  7. The King John School

    State secondary · Benfleet · 2.4 miles

    50of 100

    Results: top 37% in England · 2.4 miles · Ofsted report card (2026): lowest area expected standard

    How it scored 50
    • Resultsmatters12.7 of 20 points

      Top 37% of 3,101 state schools in England: Progress 8 of +0.19 in 2023/24 (England +0.01). DfE school performance tables

    • Ofstedmatters10 of 20 points

      Ofsted report card, January 2026: its lowest area is expected standard. Ofsted

    • Distancematters10.5 of 20 points

      2.4 miles from the middle of SS8, as the crow flies. Distance from the school's address in the DfE register

    • Getting inmatters5 of 20 points

      In 2026 not every family that put it first for Year 7 was offered a place: 330 of 481. We hold no figure for how far places reached. DfE, applications and offers

    • Attendance and behavioura little6.7 of 10 points

      Pupils missed 5.9% of sessions in 2024/25, against 7.4% at schools with a similar intake; 6.5 suspensions per 100 pupils in 2024/25, against 8.9 at schools with a similar intake. DfE, pupil absence and suspensions, school level

    • Class sizea little5 of 10 points

      Classes average 26.0 pupils (2025/26). DfE, class sizes, school level

    The school's page
  8. The Cornelius Vermuyden School

    State secondary · Canvey Island · 0.80 miles

    47of 100

    0.80 miles · Ofsted: Inadequate (2023)

    How it scored 47
    • Resultsmatters10 of 20 points

      No Progress 8 or Attainment 8 score published for this school. It counts at the middle. DfE school performance tables

    • Ofstedmatters0 of 20 points

      Ofsted, October 2023: Inadequate. Ofsted

    • Distancematters16.8 of 20 points

      0.80 miles from the middle of SS8, as the crow flies. Distance from the school's address in the DfE register

    • Getting inmatters10 of 20 points

      We hold no offer figures for Year 7 at this school. It counts at the middle.

    • Attendance and behavioura little5 of 10 points

      We can't set it against similar schools. It counts at the middle. DfE, pupil absence and suspensions, school level

    • Class sizea little5 of 10 points

      We hold no class sizes for this school. It counts at the middle. DfE, class sizes, school level

    The school's page
  9. The Eastwood Academy

    State secondary · Leigh-on-Sea · 4.5 miles

    45of 100

    Results: top 19% in England · absence 6.3% (similar schools 7.4%) · not every first choice met in 2026

    How it scored 45
    • Resultsmatters16.4 of 20 points

      Top 19% of 3,101 state schools in England: Progress 8 of +0.44 in 2023/24 (England +0.01). DfE school performance tables

    • Ofstedmatters10 of 20 points

      Ofsted, from a shorter ungraded visit in December 2024: Standards maintained. There is no grade in it to score. It counts at the middle. Ofsted

    • Distancematters2.1 of 20 points

      4.5 miles from the middle of SS8, as the crow flies. Distance from the school's address in the DfE register

    • Getting inmatters5 of 20 points

      In 2026 not every family that put it first for Year 7 was offered a place: 211 of 359. We hold no figure for how far places reached. DfE, applications and offers

    • Attendance and behavioura little7.3 of 10 points

      Pupils missed 6.3% of sessions in 2024/25, against 7.4% at schools with a similar intake; 3.5 suspensions per 100 pupils in 2024/25, against 8.9 at schools with a similar intake. DfE, pupil absence and suspensions, school level

    • Class sizea little4.3 of 10 points

      Classes average 26.8 pupils (2025/26). DfE, class sizes, school level

    The school's page
  10. The Basildon Upper Academy

    State secondary · Basildon · 4.7 miles

    40of 100

    Ofsted: Good (2023) · classes of 17 on average · absence 20.8% (similar schools 9.7%)

    How it scored 40
    • Resultsmatters0 of 20 points

      Better than 0% of 3,101 state schools in England: Progress 8 of -1.44 in 2023/24 (England +0.01). DfE school performance tables

    • Ofstedmatters15 of 20 points

      Ofsted, November 2023: Good. Ofsted

    • Distancematters1.3 of 20 points

      4.7 miles from the middle of SS8, as the crow flies. Distance from the school's address in the DfE register

    • Getting inmatters10 of 20 points

      We hold no offer figures for Year 7 at this school. It counts at the middle.

    • Attendance and behavioura little3.3 of 10 points

      Pupils missed 20.8% of sessions in 2024/25, against 9.7% at schools with a similar intake; 17.3 suspensions per 100 pupils in 2024/25, against 25.9 at schools with a similar intake. DfE, pupil absence and suspensions, school level

    • Class sizea little10 of 10 points

      Classes average 17.4 pupils (2025/26). DfE, class sizes, school level

    The school's page

How the ranking works. Each school scores out of 100: each thing you care about scores it from 0 to 1 on a published figure, weighted by how much you said it matters, and the points under each school add up to its score. A figure we don't hold counts at the middle and the school says so.

The full method and sources →

Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Sources are named beside each figure. How we know · All sources.